CSET World Language Subtest 4 Practice Test

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• Which term describes someone who is equally fluent in two languages?
• Developmental Maintenance and Heritage Language programs emphasize which goal?
• Transitional bilingual education was authorized by Congress in which year?
• Inter language Hypothesis describes the learner as developing what kind of form?
• Construction of Meaning Approach posits which idea?
• Which term denotes observable, clearly defined components of language that learners can study and measure?
• Which is NOT listed among the four primary theoretical orientations to L2 teaching methods?
• Which phonics approach involves instruction occurring in the context of authentic reading and writing experiences?
• Which statement best describes Discourse Analysis Theory?
• Which term describes the use of two languages within a community with high and low social varieties?
• Which term describes bilingualism arising from external social circumstances rather than personal choice?
• Which statement reflects sociocultural competence?
• What term describes the process of adapting to a new culture, where the degree of language gain depends on integration?
• Which term describes the ability to think about the nature and functions of language itself?
• Late-exit Bilingual Programs are described as:
• Which term denotes difficulty expressing thoughts and feelings verbally?
• Which term describes the set of language skills that includes reading as a receptive skill and writing as a productive skill?
• Language Loss occurs when what happens?
• Which model involves majority language students learning minority language and works better if there is high incentive for students to learn the language?
• Which concept emphasizes recognizing students’ funds of cultural and linguistic knowledge in teaching?
• In Early Exit Bilingual Education, what is the maximum duration in the mother tongue?
• Which term deals with how new words are formed from roots and affixes?
• Who are language brokers?
• Which phonics approach begins with teaching individual letters and their sounds and uses segmentation and blending?
• Dual Language Education is best described by which option?
• Which program uses the native tongue during a transitional period until students are competent to move into mainstream education?
• Which option is NOT listed as part of linguistics knowledge for biliteracy and L2 teachers?
• Which term describes someone who does not have total competency in either language?
• Which term describes the idea that bilinguals should be evaluated in context rather than against a native speaker?
• Which concept posits that there are two separate language systems in the brain with limited space?
• Which approach aims to be bilingual and bicultural without loss of achievement, with form depending on when the child begins?
• Mendez v. Westminster preceded Brown and addressed desegregation of which group?
• Which theory asserts that L1 and L2 proficiencies are separate and do not transfer?
• Non-linguistic outcomes refer to:
• In what year was Proposition 227 enacted?
• What does Bilingual Education refer to?
• Prop 227 addresses which policy area in public education?
• Which approach emphasizes collaboration and peer interaction as central to learning, particularly in real-life language use?
• Lau v Nichols (1970) led to the provision of which supports for English Language Learners?
• Linguistics Knowledge for Biliteracy and L2 Teachers includes which areas?
• Which term describes children who attend schools in both countries at different times and maintain bilingualism?
• Lau v Nichols (1970) led to what outcome in terms of support for students learning English?
• Which description best captures Content Based Approach’s use of materials?
• Which of the following describes the four theoretical orientations to L2 teaching methods and approaches?
• Which term describes language use in social contexts with contextual supports and props?
• Which description best matches sheltered English instruction?
• Which program is described as a broader educational approach that develops bilingualism in all American children and nurtures the linguistic resources of language minorities?
• What impact did Prop 227 have on language instruction in districts?
• Which statement about the pronoun Vos is accurate?
• Which concept holds that languages are two separate systems with limited space (Separate Underlying Proficiency)?
• In what year did Lau v. Nichols decide?
• Which of the following are proficiency levels defined by the CA ELD Standards?
• Which concept describes how individual characteristics affect language input, such as ability, aptitude, attitude, motivation?
• Which describes traditional synthetic phonics, starting with letters and their sounds and blending to form words?
• Which statement best describes Proposition 227 (1998)?
• I + 1 Hypothesis advises teachers to modify input in what way?
• Which method is described by mimicry and memorization of set phrases, with heavy use of language laboratories, tapes, visuals, and immediate correction after errors?
• Sociolinguistic competence is best defined as:
• The Grammar-Translation Approach originated for teaching which languages?
• Which of the following is a Common Core Standards challenge for ELLs?
• Elective Bilingualism refers to what?
• Which concept suggests that two languages share central processing, explaining transfer between languages?
• The Nationality Act of 1906 required what of immigrants?
• Which item is NOT listed as a factor to differentiate instruction for ELLs?
• Which is a Language Maintenance Factor?
• Which of the following best defines Communicative Competence?
• Which term describes a view of language learning that emphasizes the mental processing of sub-skills and automaticity?
• Which term is used pejoratively to describe borrowing between languages?
• Which approach builds on students' established and developing knowledge of their L1 in teaching L2 and facilitates transfer through direct instruction and embedded teaching moments?
• What was a key outcome of Williams v State of California (2000)?
• Developmental Maintenance and Heritage Language programs typically involve
• Immersion in language learning is associated with which outcome?
• Which statement best describes codeswitching?
• Which term describes language use with contextual supports and props that convey functional meaning?
• Which concept posits that humans are cognitively wired for language and have universal, abstract rules underlying competence?
• Which term describes the idea that both languages share the same central processing system?
• Which field studies uses of language for communicative purposes in different contexts and settings?
• Which program involves majority language students learning the minority language and often requires strong incentives to learn?
• Which principle states that second language acquisition depends on the extent to which the first language is developed?
• The Educate America Act of 1994 is best described as which of the following?
• Which concept emphasizes conveying meaning and socially appropriate forms, with implicit rule formation?
• Which statement about Interlanguage is true?
• Grammar-Translation Approach is best described as?
• Which of the following is NOT a dimension of language proficiency?
• Which term describes learning a second language with little pressure to replace the first?
• Which amendment established the constitutional basis for the educational rights of language minority students?
• Which method describes instruction that is embedded within authentic reading and writing activities?
• Did Proposition 227 ban bilingual education completely?
• Which act is most directly associated with strengthening districts' obligations to LEP students in the 1980s?
• Which theory posits a common underlying proficiency shared across languages?
• Instrumental Motivation occurs when learners pursue L2 for what reason?
• Which term is defined as the ability to think about the nature and functions of language?
• Which of the following best describes the core idea of sociolinguistic competence?
• Which statement defines diglossia?
• Which theory posits that L1 and L2 are interdependent and that concepts transfer between languages?
• Which theoretical orientation is primarily concerned with the formal properties of language such as syntax and morphology?
• Which approach focuses on developing appropriate cultural meaning from texts?
• Total Immersion begins with:
• Which term describes language proficiency in social contexts that is context-embedded?
• Strategic competence refers to:
• Which of the following best describes the 'Weak Models of Bilingual Education'?
• Under the Comprehensible Input Hypothesis, how is L2 learned or acquired?
• Which of the following best characterizes the Natural Approach?
• What was the primary aim of Proposition 227 of 1998 regarding language instruction in California public schools?
• Bicultural acculturation is described as:
• Which model starts with 100% immersion in the second language, reducing after 2-3 years to 80% for the next 3-4 years, then ending junior schooling with approx. 50% immersion?
• Which term describes someone who does not have total competency in either language?
• Transnationalism in education describes:
• Which program name describes embedding L1 literacy development as a foundation for L2 within transition bilingual education?
• Sheltered English instruction typically uses which approach?
• Which study examines how prefixes and suffixes modify a word's meaning?
• Which bilingual education approach allows around 40% of classroom teaching in the mother tongue until the 6th grade?
• Natural Order of Acquisition Hypothesis posits that linguistic forms emerge in L2 in what way?
• Learning vs Acquisition Hypothesis states what about L2 learning?
• Which term refers to learning a second language while maintaining the first language?
• Which option best reflects the holistic view of bilingualism?
• Which option lists the functional categories of language as Personal, Interpersonal, Directive, Referential, and Imaginative?
• The Sociocultural Literacy Approach emphasizes
• Which of the following is NOT a Dimension of Language Proficiency?
• Which option correctly distinguishes codeswitching from codemixing?
• Circumstantial Bilingualism is best described as learning a language to function within what?
• In Williams v. State of California (2000–2004), what did the ruling indicate about bilingual education?
• Which term recognizes that errors can arise not only from L1 transfer but from other factors?
• Which term can be described as the instrument that underlies the inherent rules of language and is often associated with Noam Chomsky's theory?
• Which field studies the implicit rules for forming all possible sentences in a language and conveying meaning?
• Which program involves instruction in two languages for any part of or all of the school curriculum?
• The Construction of Meaning Approach posits that readers
• Which of the following is a use of language assessment?
• Which field studies word formation?
• In submersion with pull-out classes, what is a typical outcome for students?
• Which theory is described as seeing language as the understanding and use of linguistic units within sentences?
• Which set lists the functional categories of language as Personal, Interpersonal, Directive, Referential, and Imaginative?
• Monitor Hypothesis describes the use of a conscious check to correct and modify what?
• Affective Hypothesis emphasizes the importance of which factors in L2 learning?
• Which term represents the outward use of language knowledge in real situations?
• Dual Immersion or Two Way Bilingual Immersion is best described by:
• Which term refers to the overall outcome of formal language instruction?
• Which concept posits that language competence can be measured in six different ways and should be measured beyond linguistic competence?
• Which label best describes a program that combines two languages and cultures in instruction?
• Simultaneous language acquisition occurs when a child ...?
• Which field focuses on language use in context to convey meaning?
• The May 25, 1970 Memorandum addressed denial of access to educational programs on the basis of what?
• Which statement describes Second Generation-Functional Bilingualism?
• Mendez v Westminster (1947) is best described as a case that determined segregation of Mexican and Mexican-American students in Orange County was unconstitutional because:
• Which statement best defines Sociocultural Literacy Approach?
• Which concept is designed to guide and support students as they learn language, learn about language, and learn through language?
• Which of the following is NOT a Language Loss Factor?
• Which term is a proficiency level according to CA ELD Standards?
• Which model begins with immersion in the second language and adapts over time based on the child's start age?
• What does the Affective Filter Hypothesis describe as obstacles to L2 learning?
• Which program begins with 100% immersion in L2?
• Lau v. Nichols, 1970 established that districts must provide equal access to what for students whose first language is not English?
• Meyer v Nebraska (1923) held that a state law prohibiting the teaching of a foreign language was unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment because:
• What is Morphology?
• Which concept emphasizes language as habit formation and requires careful control of input by the teacher?
• In threshold theory, what is the second threshold?
• Which program aims to nurture linguistic resources possessed by language minorities and develop bilingualism in all American children?
• Which term refers to two languages in a community?
• Which label refers to a program designed for two languages with two groups of students?
• Which statement describes Fourth Generation-Monolingualism & Language Loss?
• Which term refers to learning a second language with pressure to replace or demote the first language?
• Which term is defined as the study of classes of words, their inflections, and their functions and relations in sentences?
• Which model involves approximately 50% immersion throughout infant and junior schooling?
• Which term examines the system of sounds in a language, including how they pattern and contrast?
• Which term describes language learning as acquiring a distinct set of speech habits, with instruction moving from simple to complex structures?
• Principles of Effective Dual Language Program Design focus on:
• The Equal Educational Opportunity Act of 1974 defined what?
• Maintenance Bilingual Programs aim to:
• In threshold theory, what describes the first threshold?
• In what year did Lau v Nichols decision take place?
• The Bilingual Education Acts of 1968 & 1974 provided funding and guidelines for LEP programs. Which statement is true?
• Which statement reflects the Whole Language Approach?
• Which statement best defines an ethnic group?
• Which term is used to describe the context in which language is used?
• Dual Language Education is defined by which classroom characteristic?
• Which term describes the view of the brain as a network with links strengthened through repetition?
• What happened to enrollment in bilingual education programs after Proposition 227?
• The Critical Literacy Approach views literacy as
• Which program allows around 40% of classroom teaching in L1 until the end of 4th or 6th grade?
• The Bilingual Education Act of 1981 strengthened the obligations of school districts to LEP students.
• Which claim reflects cultural relativism?
• Teaching for Transfer is embedded in transition bilingual education design to support:
• Which program is most supported by VII funds and allows students to use native tongue temporarily until they are competent enough to move into mainstream education?
• Which statement best describes Language Acquisition Theory?
• Grammar Instruction helps language learners by doing what?
• Total Physical Response is best described by which of the following?
• Transitional Bilingual Education emphasizes literacy in students L1 and uses L2 teaching methodology until students move into mainstream. Which option describes this approach?
• Which statement describes Third Generation-Receptive Bilingualism?
• Which term describes IQ tests that require a single correct answer?
• Which document requires a systematic approach to overcoming language barriers in local school districts?
• Which program teaches English through academic content and is organized around themes based on standards, focusing on listening, speaking and early literacy?
• What term refers to the type of second language information received during learning?
• Submersion as a form of language instruction involves which characteristics?
• Which term best describes bilingual education that involves two-way, dual language programs?
• Which generation is typically characterized by being born in US or brought here as kids and speaking the heritage language at home and English at school?
• The Chacon-Moscone Bilingual-Bicultural Ed. Act of 1974 provided what?
• Which term describes someone who is equally competent in two languages?
• The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 included the introduction of which language policy as an amendment?
• Which approach involves using multiple languages within a learning activity to deepen comprehension?
• During which stage do learners begin to say simple sentences?
• Which model has a maximum of two years in the mother tongue?
• Which term describes acquiring two languages at the same time early in life?
• Which term refers to language skills associated with literacy and cognitive development learned through formal instruction?
• Which program is designed to preserve L1 while introducing L2, typically maintaining a 50/50 balance through several grades?
• Which describes English Language Development?
• Which approach emphasizes readers bringing their own interpretations to texts?
• The Audio-lingual Method is characterized by mimicry and memorization of set phrases with extensive use of language laboratories and immediate correction.
• Which concept describes a learner who identifies weakly with their own ethnic group and seeks to move into the out-group?
• Which act promoted foreign language acquisition due to Cold War concerns?
• Which of the following is a technique to teach pragmatics in speech?
• Which term refers to the universal aspects of language proficiency required for native speakers to communicate successfully?
• Sociocultural competence is defined as:
• Which description best defines oracy?
• Mainstream Education (with foreign language teaching) describes a model where:
• Which term refers to difficulties expressing thoughts due to underrepresented experiences in language?
• The Textuality Hypothesis posits that language is stored in the brain in what form?
• Which concept refers to language proficiency in reduced-context, academic situations?
• Which term describes changing languages at word level?
• Which theory describes the brain as a network of links between information, strengthened by repetition?
• What type of instruction did Proposition 227 promote?
• Which statement accurately describes the Functional-Notional Approach’s guiding factors?
• Oracy is defined as:
• Which approach facilitates transfer through direct instruction and teachable moments in L2 learning?
• Which of the following is a stage in cultural adaptation or cultural shock?
• What are cognates?
• Which term identifies the study of word meaning and how it relates to context?
• Which field describes the way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences?
• Which term refers to the study of how words inflect and relate to each other in sentences?
• Under the Comprehensible Input framework, language input that students do not understand is considered:
• Which term best describes awareness of how language use changes with social contexts?
• Phonology studies what?
• Castaneda v Pickard (1978) established that a school district must do which of the following?
• Which description defines literacy?
• Transitional bilingual education is characterized by which approach?
• Which term describes moving back and forth between registers, dialects, or languages?
• Which term describes observable, clearly defined components of language?
• Which program is selected for students with low English proficiency and provides intensive direct instruction of English skills, with fragmented transfer to core curriculum and low expectations?
• Which factor most strongly supports language maintenance by providing regular, real-world exposure to the heritage language?
• Which term refers to awareness of the social nature and functions of language and when to use which language?
• Literacy is defined as
• Which concept captures the idea that borrowed words may become a permanent part of the recipient language, forming a continuum with code-switching?
• Which statement describes sheltered English instruction in practice?
• Which term best fits a process of navigating between two cultures along a continuum, with conscious and unconscious responses?
• Which generation is associated with monolingualism and language loss, possibly learning the heritage language only through formal study?
• Which concept describes hearing a lesson in one language and developing the work in another to promote deeper understanding?
• Which model begins with total immersion in the second language and then adjusts over time?
• Biliteracy refers to
• Which stage of L2 acquisition is characterized by the use of single words?
• Interlanguage is defined as?
• Which description best characterizes SDAIE (Specially Designed Academic Instruction in English)?
• Which statement best defines codemixing?
• Integrative Motivation describes a learner's desire to do what?
• Early-exit Bilingual Programs are described as:
• Which term refers to the universal aspects of language proficiency required for everyday, face-to-face communication?
• In immersion programs, which outcome is most closely associated?
• Who could still opt in to bilingual education after Proposition 227?
• Which statement best describes cultural universalism?
• Which program is designed to preserve language and culture by separating the language minority from the majority?
• Which term describes language proficiency in decontextualized academic settings, including pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary?
• Which term refers to awareness of the social nature of language and when to switch languages to meet listener needs?
• Which term refers to what is actually assimilated and is more important than input?
• Heritage Language is defined as what?
• Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 is best known for which outcome?
• Which field studies the meaning of words and phrases?
• Which approach requires language sub-skills to be repeated until they move from controlled to automatic; difficult to delete?
• Meaningful output in language learning emphasizes:
• Which area examines the relationships between words or word clusters as the concepts they symbolize or represent?
• Social competence refers to:
• Which statement reflects a feature of Proposition 227?
• Which term would you use to describe the study of how language is used to convey meaning in social contexts?
• Which term is the outcome of formal instruction?
• The Communicative Approach emphasizes real language in real-life situations and focuses on the 4Rs. Which of the following best captures this approach?
• Which term identifies differences between languages that may cause problems for learners, though many errors cannot be explained by negative transfer?
• Which term refers to the basic principles of grammar?
• What characterizes the Functional Literacy Approach?
• Discourse competence is defined as:
• When learning L2 syntax and grammar and discourse, learners will fill in the blanks with a predictable and logical form based on patterns. This describes which hypothesis?
• After Prop 227, which option remained available for some students or districts?
• Which field studies the sounds of speech?
• Which statement best describes the link to LEP program standards established by Castaneda v. Pickard?
• Which term refers to a language that is part of a person's family or cultural heritage?
• Which teaching approach is defined by presenting material orally first, with no use of L1, and where literature and culture are considered important?
• Which case established that segregation based on Mexican origin was unconstitutional?
• Sheltered English Instruction is best described as teaching students with simplified vocabulary.
• Community Language Learning is best described as being patterned after counseling techniques and addressing anxiety and personal language problems in learners.
• Which act is associated with setting high standards and continuing federal support for bilingual programs as part of broader reform?
• What is the Cloze Procedure used for in reading assessment?
• Which term describes the ability to come up with multiple solutions to a problem?
• Which term is the outward evidence of language competence?
• Which statement correctly describes the Functional-Notional Approach’s emphasis?
• Which term means learning language to survive?
• Castaneda v. Pickard, 1981 set standards for LEP programs. Which of the following is NOT part of the required elements?
• Which statement best describes the Functional-Notional Approach?
• Which phonics approach focuses on making words based on students' developmental level?
• Which term describes a language minority separating from the language majority in order to protect their language?
• Which term describes a system where minority language speakers are denied access to programs or schools?
• Which term describes foreign words that have become a permanent part of the recipient language?
• Culturally Responsive Pedagogy aims to:
• Which term studies the structure of sentences and how their components fit together?
• Which study focuses on word placement and order?
• Dissonant acculturation refers to:
• What is the primary aim of the 'Weak Models of Bilingual Education'?
• Which concept specifically emphasizes the learner's internalization of language, beyond simply hearing input?
• Which term denotes the overall ability to engage with text in two languages to produce meaning?
• Which model posits two separate language systems plus a shared non-verbal system?
• Which method teaches decoding by analogy to known words or word parts?
• Reading and writing skills develop more gradually in the L2 learner. Which option reflects this idea?
• Which statement best describes listening and speaking skill development in L2 learners?
• Which statement defines language loss?
• Which term describes a group defined by distinctive characteristics such as religion, language, or national origin?
• Which term describes a person who uses language primarily to survive in a specific context?
• What does the term 'opt in' mean in this context?
• Which of the following best describes the goal of Proposition 227?
• Natural Order Hypothesis implies that language forms emerge in an orderly fashion, aiding what type of educational assessment?
• Tuteo is used in which of the following regions?
• The Aptitude Hypothesis suggests that attitude toward learning can influence the ability to learn L2. This concept relates to the learning vs acquisition distinction.
• Monitor Hypothesis suggests what happens as learners develop L2 competence?
• Which statement best describes the Content Based Approach to language teaching?
• Which statement best describes First Generation-Monolingual Speakers of Native Language?
• Which statement best defines Biliteracy?
• The Critical Literacy Approach holds that literacy can do what?
• Which term describes words in English and Spanish that look and sound alike and have the same meaning?
• Which of the following is NOT a stage of cultural adaptation?
• Which law prohibited discrimination in federally funded programs and established equal opportunity for national origin minority groups?
• Strategic competence helps a language user by:
• Which literacy approach focuses on analyzing how language maintains or challenges power relations in society?